Construction Of System Research Articles

Microecology of aerobic denitrification system construction driven by cyclic stress of sulfamethoxazole.

The construction of aerobic denitrification (AD) systems in an antibiotic-stressed environment is a serious challenge. This study investigated strategy of cyclic stress with concentration gradient (5-30 mg/L) of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR), to achieve operation of AD. Total nitrogen removal efficiency of system increased from about 10 % to 95 %. Original response of abundant-rare genera to antibiotics was changed by SMX stress, particularly conditionally rare or abundant taxa (CRAT). AD process depends on synergistic effect of heterotrophic nitrifying aerobic denitrification bacteria (Paracoccus, Thauera, Hypomicrobium, etc). AmoABC, napA, and nirK were functionally co-expressed with multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (acrR, ereAB, and mdtO), facilitating AD process. ARGs and TCA cycling synergistically enhance the antioxidant and electron transport capacities of AD process. Antibiotic efflux pump mechanism played an important role in operation of AD. The study provides strong support for regulating activated sludge to achieve in situ AD function.

Fractional order modelling and optimal control of dual active bridge converters

As the construction of new power systems centred around renewable energy gains traction, the installed capacity of new energy sources has experienced explosive growth. Research has shown that the actual external characteristics of inductors and capacitors in circuits exhibit fractional order characteristics. As a core device in dual active bridge converters, the non-integer order of inductors and capacitors has an important impact on their dynamic performance, frequency domain characteristics, and control system design. This paper conducts modelling and control research on dual active bridge converters based on fractional-order calculus theory. First, based on the definition of fractional-order calculus, according to the operating mode of the fractional-order dual active bridge converter and the characteristics of fractional-order components, The fractional-order state space average model was established, and the influence of the order of inductance and capacitance on the amplitude frequency characteristics, phase frequency characteristics and dynamic performance of the converter was analyzed. Secondly, the average model and circuit model were built on the MATLAB/Simulink simulation platform, and the simulation results under different fractional orders were compared. Finally, in order to further improve the control performance of the converter, a fractional-order P I λ control strategy is designed based on the established state space average model of the fractional-order dual active bridge converter and based on the transfer function from the control to the output of the fractional-order dual active bridge converter. The research results show that the fractional-order model can more accurately describe the actual characteristics of the converter. In addition, the fractional-order controller P I λ enables the fractional-order dual active bridge converter to obtain better robustness and improve the dynamic performance of the converter.

Reflections on the Construction of Strategic Performance Management System in Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises

In the surge of global economic integration, China's manufacturing industry is poised at the forefront of a transformational upgrade. Beyond the hum of production lines, the vital pulse lies within the robust rhythm of Strategic Performance Management Systems (SPMS). Yet, studies indicate that despite China's manufacturing sector advancing towards "intelligent manufacturing" and innovation, there are numerous areas within strategic performance management systems that urgently demand enhancement. In the coming years, for China's manufacturing industry to secure higher value positioning within the global supply chain and assert dominance in niche markets, it must seize the nerve center of strategic performance management. Confronted with a series of challenges including slowing growth, rising costs, and tightening environmental regulations, manufacturing enterprises urgently need to construct an efficient and precise performance management system. However, in reality, many enterprises still exhibit a weak strategic execution, lacking a systematic performance orientation and employee incentive mechanisms, often resulting in a disconnect between strategic objectives and performance management. The factors affecting the effective implementation of strategic performance management within enterprises are intricate. Internal factors primarily encompass the rigidity of corporate culture, bottlenecks in leadership style and employee engagement, as well as hindrances in information sharing and communication mechanisms. External factors involve the volatility of market environments, unclear policy directions, and intensifying international competition. The formulation of a comprehensive performance management system undoubtedly holds profound significance for optimizing resource allocation, reinforcing core competitiveness, and enhancing strategic responsiveness.

Farmland transfer contract performance and green production technology adoption among farmers: evidence from a survey of four provinces in China.

The popularization and use of green production technology is the key to promoting the sustainable development of agriculture. Exploring the path of promoting farmers' adoption of green production technology has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the green transformation of agriculture and realizing the high-quality development of agriculture. This study examined the impact of contract performance on the adoption of green production technology in the farmland transfer market based on the characteristics of green production technology. An empirical test was conducted using survey data from Heilongjiang, Henan, Zhejiang, and Sichuan Provinces, which differ in agricultural resource endowment and economic development. The results demonstrated that farmland area was positively associated with the number of green production technologies adopted by farmers and use of straw returning, subsoiling, and soil testing for formula fertilization technology. Moreover, improving the performance rates of farmland transfer contracts strengthened the promotional effect of operation scale on green production technology adoption. Using either contract execution or dispute resolution rates to measure contract performance promoted the adoption of green production technology, particularly for large-scale farmers. Therefore, in the publicity and promotion of agricultural green production technology, the government should not only formulate differentiated promotion strategies and support policies based on resource endowment, but also focus on the construction of rural legal systems, which are helpful for building and maintaining a good farmland market order and performance environment, and create conditions for the durability and stability of technology adoption.

Build and operation of a custom 3D, multicolor, single-molecule localization microscope.

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) enables imaging scientists to visualize biological structures with unprecedented resolution. Particularly powerful implementations of SMLM are capable of three-dimensional, multicolor and high-throughput imaging and can yield key biological insights. However, widespread access to these technologies is limited, primarily by the cost of commercial options and complexity of de novo development of custom systems. Here we provide a comprehensive guide for interested researchers who wish to establish a high-end, custom-built SMLM setup in their laboratories. We detail the initial configuration and subsequent assembly of the SMLM, including the instructions for the alignment of all the optical pathways, the software and hardware integration, and the operation of the instrument. We describe the validation steps, including the preparation and imaging of test and biological samples with structures of well-defined geometries, and assist the user in troubleshooting and benchmarking the system's performance. Additionally, we provide a walkthrough of the reconstruction of a super-resolved dataset from acquired raw images using the Super-resolution Microscopy Analysis Platform. Depending on the instrument configuration, the cost of the components is in the range US$95,000-180,000, similar to other open-source advanced SMLMs, and substantially lower than the cost of a commercial instrument. A builder with some experience of optical systems is expected to require 4-8 months from the start of the system construction to attain high-quality three-dimensional and multicolor biological images.

Research on the Impact of Enterprise ESG Ratings on Carbon Emissions from a Spatial Perspective

Based on 208 city-level data in China, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of ESG rating on carbon emissions through the SDM spatial metrology model, identifies the direct and indirect consequences and spatial spillover effects of ESG rating on carbon emissions, and compares the regional heterogeneity and city-size heterogeneity of such impacts. This paper draws three conclusions: (1) Empirical evidence shows that the ESG rating performance of enterprises has a significant inhibition effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Specifically, when the ESG rating performance increases by 1%, carbon emissions will decrease by 0.076; among other control variables, the effect of FDI on carbon emission reduction is that when ESG score performance increases by 1%, carbon emission decreases by 0.022. (2) In the decomposition of the total effects, indirect effects and direct effects have the same impact on carbon emissions, and the total effect is −0.393. (3) The inhibition effect is more significant in the Eastern Region and in megacities, where the effect of −0.096 in the Eastern Region is more obvious than that of −0.078 at the national level, and the effect of carbon reduction in megacities is significantly greater than 0.013 in big cities. This suggests regional heterogeneity in regards to the role of ESG ratings in reducing CO2 emissions. This paper reveals the specific effects and internal logic of the impact of ESG performance on CO2 emissions, which has certain implications for various regions to further promote the construction of an ESG system, according to local conditions, and to encourage enterprises to focus on emission reduction and high-quality development.

Construction of a competency evaluation index system for postgraduates of educational technology

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine the competency characteristics required for the employment of master’s degree students in educational technology.Design/methodology/approachA combined qualitative and quantitative method was used to consult multiple experts through a modified Delphi method. Competency characteristics were extracted from Chinese recruitment apps, national recruitment websites and university training programs. Ten senior teacher experts who teach educational technology master’s students were consulted through a questionnaire consultation to validate the proposed competency model. The weights of competency characteristics were determined through a combination of the analytic hierarchy process and entropy method.FindingsThe results show that when recruiting educational technology master’s students, more emphasis is placed on operational skills. The majority of companies tend to assess practical abilities rather than theoretical knowledge. Relevant knowledge of educational technology, psychology, computer science and education is considered to be the basic knowledge components of educational technology master’s students, while professional skills are the core skills required for their positions. Therefore, universities need to focus on training, educational technology graduate students in these areas of competence. The study also found that professional qualities (such as physical and mental fitness) and personality traits (interpersonal communication and interaction) receive more attention from companies and are essential competencies for educational technology master’s students.Originality/valueA competence model for educational technology master’s students is proposed, which includes aspects such as knowledge, personal skills/abilities, professional qualities and personality traits. The competence elements included in this model can serve as reference indicators for universities to cultivate the competence of educational technology master’s students, as well as reference points for recruiting units to help them select talents. This represents a new dimension in research related to the employment of educational technology master’s students. The study enriches the research objects and competence dictionary in the field of competence research.

Analysis of the Effect of Meteorological Elements on New Energy Power Prediction Based on Machine Learning

Background: With the gradual construction of new power systems, new energy sources, such as wind and photovoltaic power, will gradually dominate positions in the power supply structure, directly leading the new power system to rely heavily on accurate meteorological forecasts. High-precision and high-resolution meteorological forecasts are important technical methods to improve the safe, stable, and economic operation of the new power system. Objective: Since the analysis of meteorological elements is the basis of meteorological forecasting, in this paper, the effect of different meteorological elements including temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and radiation on the performance of power forecasting, was analyzed by using 7 machine learning algorithms in 5 provinces in southern China. Methods: About 5 provinces in southern China were selected as the research objects, and 7 typical machine learning algorithms were applied and compared, including support vector machine (SVM), decision tree (DT), random forest (RFR), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Linear Regression (LR), Ridge Regression (RR), and Lasso Regression (Lasso R). At the same time, the influence of different meteorological elements, such as temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, and radiation amount, on the prediction performance of wind power and photovoltaic power was considered. Then, the performance of different regression models was further investigated and analyzed. Results: Based on the data of 10 new energy stations in 5 regions, the research on the prediction performance of 7 machine learning methods shows that the performance of models in different regions varies greatly. Among the 10 selected new energy stations, the RFR model and KNR model have superior overall performance. Conclusion: This study shows how variable importance and prediction accuracy depend on regression methods and climatic variables, providing effective methods to assess the interdependence of meteorological variables and the importance of meteorological variables in predicting output power.

Democracy and ethnic autonomy: allies or rivals in Nepal?

ABSTRACT Studies suggest that the democratic system constructs a permissive environment for ethnic autonomy. This argument does not, however, fit in the case of Nepal in which the Constitution has institutionalized the democratic system and rejected the Madheshi autonomy. Nepal’s constitutional position makes it imperative to examine the limits of the democratic system to address ethnic ambitions. In response, this paper has examined the following question: How did the democratic political system affect the Madheshi demand for autonomy and self-determination? It identifies that the democratic system socialized the mainstream parties to consider that democracy supports individual rights and provides all citizens with equal opportunities. In contrast, self-determination gives additional privileges to some communities over others and hurts the citizens’ rights to equal treatment from the state. Due to this perception, the mainstream parties characterized self-determination as an undemocratic right and used numeric strength to refuse the Madheshi autonomy.

Seismic Assessment of Precast Concrete Hospital Structures Integrated with Building Information Modeling (BIM) in Indonesia

In earthquake-prone regions, it's crucial for hospitals to be well-prepared to ensure that medical care continues without interruption for the victims. The utilization of precast structural systems in construction, particularly in earthquake-prone areas like Indonesia, offers numerous advantages including enhanced construction efficiency and resilience against seismic loads.

Construction of a Spatial Equalization Assessment System for Medical Facilities

The spatial equalization of medical facilities can alleviate the wastage of medical resources and improve the efficiency of medical services. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out spatially balanced planning and assessment of medical facilities in cities. Existing studies on the balanced planning, design, and evaluation of medical facilities have been conducted from the perspective of hospital buildings in terms of spatial utilization efficiency, service satisfaction, and their physical environment on one hand, and from the perspective of regional planning of medical facilities in terms of spatial accessibility to medical facilities and the suitability of medical facilities to the social environment on the other hand. This study hopes to break down the boundaries of each perspective and effectively integrate the architecture, planning, and social well-being of medical facilities, taking spatial equilibrium as the core, in order to establish a spatial equilibrium system for medical facilities and achieve a spatial equilibrium-based assessment of the current state of medical facilities. First, the factors influencing the spatial equilibrium of hospital buildings with the support of the system and environment of hospital buildings are determined. Second, the indicators of the spatial equilibrium of hospital buildings are extracted through the consideration of influencing factors, and the indicator weights are determined by discussing the degree to which they contribute to the influence of the operation of hospital building spatial equilibrium systems, thus forming a system of equilibrium indicators for hospital buildings. Finally, a spatial equilibrium evaluation model for hospital buildings is established to assess the effects of equilibrium. The results obtained in this study provide insights into the regional planning of medical facilities and the design of hospital buildings.

Safety risk perception and control of water inrush during tunnel excavation in karst areas: An improved uncertain information fusion method

Water inrush disasters seriously endanger the construction safety of karst tunnels. To accurately assess the water inrush risk level of karst tunnels, actively prevent and control water inrush disasters. A risk evaluation method based on an improved cloud model (CM) and evidence reasoning (ER) combined with Monte Carlo simulation is proposed, which is applied in a water inrush risk evaluation of the Yaguan tunnel. The results are as follows. (1) This method considers the uncertainty and reliability of the water inrush risk information for karst tunnels. (2) Through an iterative evaluation with Monte Carlo simulation, the dynamic feedback mechanism of the risk state of the karst tunnel construction system is established. (3) Local sensitivity analysis is performed to identify risk factors and related measures are proposed. Hence, the research method can be used to effectively evaluate the water inrush risk level and provide references for similar project risk evaluations.

A Review and Thermal Conductivity Experimental Program of Mattress Waste Material as Insulation in Building and Construction Systems

The building and construction industry consumes a significant amount of natural resources alongside contributing to the generation of waste materials. Addressing the dual challenge of waste management and recycling in this sector is imperative. This study begins with a bibliometric assessment to identify waste materials used as insulation in building and construction systems. The assessment of 2627 publications revealed mattress waste materials were seldom considered. The aim of this research focuses on exploring alternative methods for repurposing mattress materials in construction, aiming to mitigate waste generation. While various materials are being recycled for building applications, this research emphasises the potential of incorporating recycled polyurethane foam (PUF) from mattresses as insulation products. A transient plane source (TPS) was employed to determine the thermal conductivity of waste mattress PUF obtained from a recycling plant in Victoria, Australia. The results exhibited promising thermal resistance, with a mean value of 0.053 Wm/K. However, optimal thermal performance was observed with increased thickness, suggesting that a thickness of 215mm aligns with industry standards for building fabric systems. Further research is required to comprehensively analyse moisture resistance and fire retardation of waste mattress materials. This paper presents key findings of current trends, limitations, and future research directions to the use of waste mattress PUF as an insulation material.

Construction and Research of University Medical Laboratory Safety Education Management System

University laboratories play a vital role in experimental teaching and scientific research. As the basis of laboratory safety management, laboratory safety education is an important means to eliminate hidden dangers and improve the level of laboratory safety management. Combining the characteristics and safety risks of medical laboratories, this study adheres to the goal of people-oriented and life-first safety management. Construct and innovate the medical laboratory safety education management system from five aspects: building laboratory safety responsibility system, improving laboratory safety management system construction, improving laboratory safety management and protection system, strengthening laboratory safety education and publicity system construction and implementing laboratory safety inspection and rectification system, and improve the effectiveness of laboratory safety education, improve the comprehensive quality and safety awareness of laboratory personnel, form a good safety atmosphere for medical laboratories, ensuring the safe and stable operation of medical laboratories, and help the "double first-class" construction of universities and the construction of healthy China.

Construction of Training Curriculum System for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Liaison Nurses

Objective To construct a training curriculum system for venous thromboembolism (VTE) liaison nurses and provide a basis for corresponding clinical training, evaluation and certification. Methods Analyzed the training needs of VTE liaison nurses. Conducted two rounds of Delphi surveys with 27 experts from Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces in China. Determined the weights of indicators at all levels using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and equal weighting method. Results The age of the participants ranged from 38~59 (46.63±5.343), and the years of working ranged from 12~42 (25.48±7.439). 27 and 26 valid questionnaires were collected respectively from the first and second rounds of the surveys. The effective response rates of the two-round Delphi survey were 90.0% and 96.3%, respectively, and the experts’ authoritative coefficients were 0.884 and 0.906, respectively, and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of experts’ opinions were 0.261 and 0.276, respectively (P <0.01). A training system with 5 first-level indicators and 26 second-level indicators was finally formed after two rounds of Delphi surveys. Conclusions The training system for VTE liaison nurses constructed in this study is highly scientific and practical, which can provide a basis for the training assessment and ability evaluation of VTE liaison nurses, and also provide a reference for VTE prophylaxis, treatment and nursing.

Identification of two plastid transit peptides for construction of pollen-inactivation system in rice.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01471-y.

Alkyl anchor–modified artificial viral capsid budding outside-to-inside and inside-to-outside giant vesicles

Alkyl anchor–modified artificial viral capsid budding outside-to-inside and inside-to-outside giant vesicles

Impact of Solar Shading on Façades’ Surface Temperatures under Summer and Winter Conditions by IR Thermography

In warm climates with high levels of solar irradiation, solar shading plays a determinant role on buildings’ envelope performance, both during summer and winter conditions. In this research, an evaluation of the solar shading effect on sunny façades through IR thermography non-destructive testing was performed. Sunny and shaded areas revealed temperature differences of 7.4 °C in summer conditions and up to 1.2 °C in wintertime. Moreover, solar shading was shown to be beneficial not only for decreasing surface temperature in summertime but also for reducing convective air flow in wintertime. In addition, it was found that the prevalence of dense shadows, especially with non-reflective materials in louvres, is favorable. External Thermal Insulation Constructive Systems (ETICS) must be shadowed and the use of clear colors is recommended to reinforce homogeneity in the surface in wintertime and reduce solar absorptance in summertime. Under steady-state calculations, thermal losses can be reduced up to 30% at night in wintertime and up to 50–60% at daytime in summertime because of the shadowing. However, another important finding lied in the confirmation of the performance gap that arises between using air temperature, sol-air temperature and the actual surface temperature data, in such a way that the two former implied high levels of inaccuracy and overestimated the performance of the buildings compared to the actual behavior. Some of the main conclusions can be extrapolated to other circumstances.

Qualifying System F <: : Some Terms and Conditions May Apply

Type qualifiers offer a lightweight mechanism for enriching existing type systems to enforce additional, desirable, program invariants. They do so by offering a restricted but effective form of subtyping. While the theory of type qualifiers is well understood and present in many programming languages today, polymorphism over type qualifiers remains an area less well examined. We explore how such a polymorphic system could arise by constructing a calculus, System F-sub-Q, which combines the higher-rank bounded polymorphism of System F-sub with the theory of type qualifiers. We explore how the ideas used to construct System F-sub-Q can be reused in situations where type qualifiers naturally arise---in reference immutability, function colouring, and capture checking. Finally, we re-examine other qualifier systems in the literature in light of the observations presented while developing System F-sub-Q.

Construction of the Evaluation Index System of Physical Education Teachers' Teaching Ability in Colleges and Universities

Construction of the Evaluation Index System of Physical Education Teachers' Teaching Ability in Colleges and Universities